No jab, no international travel? Linking TRA, mass media, motivation, and experience

Despite mixed emotions about COVID-19 vaccination as a precondition for international travel, COVID-19 vaccination is being advocated as one of the instruments that could facilitate safe free movement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, the purpose of the present research is to distinguish the underlying mechanisms that could predict individuals' intentions to take the COVID-19 vaccine as a precondition for international travel. The conceptual framework was built on the extended theory of reasoned action (TRA), which incorporates mass media coverage, travel motivations, and previous travel experience. An online purposive sampling technique was utilized in this study, and 1188 responses were collected. Subsequently, structural equation modeling was utilized to test the proposed model. The originality of the present study lies with unraveling the mechanisms that affect the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine as a precondition for international travel. In addition, the discussions are presented in subsequent sections of the paper.

The role of compensation in shaping employee's behaviour: a mediation study through job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic

PurposeThis research aimed to study the impact of compensation on employee retention and turnover intentions among healthcare employees. The study also tested the mediation role of job satisfaction in the relationship.Design/methodology/approachIn the present study, self-administrated questionnaires were distributed among 600 doctors working in public hospitals of Pakistan, following stratified sampling. The data analysis was conducted through SPSS and smart-PLS.FindingsResults of the present study supported all the hypotheses (H1–H7), such as the significant relationship of compensation with employee retention and turnover intentions. Results further confirmed the mediation effect of job satisfaction between compensation and employee retention as well as compensation and turnover intentions.Practical implicationsThis study is useful for policymakers and organizational managers since the study provides guidelines on employee retention and high turnover intentions and how these factors are influenced by improved compensation.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the relationship of compensation together with employee retention and turnover intentions through the mediating role of job satisfaction in healthcare context, which was overlooked in the existing literature.

An Empirical Study On Impact Of Disaster Itigation Initiatives Among Coastal Communities With Special Reference To Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu

Disaster means any earthquake Tsunami flood drought snowfall snow rock fall landfall such natural things happen will affect the daily people life is called a disaster there is too kind of disasters of their natural and manmade or artificial Tsunami earthquake is called natural disaster the road accidents and accidents in the factories are examples for Artificial Disasters. Any disaster will affect the whole country people is called a national disaster for say some extent the covid-19 virus spread over is also an national disaster. The Government of India and Tamil nadu Government will created a separate Commission for the disaster management and rescue operations. To the better functions of the Indian disaster management the people has to give full Corporation then only their management and rescue and Rehabilitation system will function effectively, and the benefit will be fruitful, sometimes the government will give instructions such as announcements must be followed by the people properly without fear so to save the people government taking some initiatives the people as to give more responsive and cooperation. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

The role of country of origin image, brand image and eWOM in the intention to receive the Sinopharm vaccine

Purpose: This study aims to explain the factors associated with receiving a specific brand of Covid-19 vaccine within the framework of the theory of reasoned action. The study extends the theory of reasoned action with the country of origin image, brand image and electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) variables. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on a cross-sectional survey conducted among 460 people who received the Sinofarm vaccine. Participants were selected using an online convenience sampling method. The structural equation modeling (SEM) technique tests the proposed hypotheses. Findings: The results showed that the essential factor associated with the intent to get the Chinese Sinopharm vaccine is the attitude toward the Signopharm vaccine. Also, WOM, subjective norms and brand image are the most critical factors that play a role in forming a favorable attitude toward the Sinopharm vaccine. Finally, the country-of-origin image does not affect attitudes toward the Sinopharm vaccine. Originality/value: The area of vaccine marketing has been given limited attention in academic literature. This study addresses this area with little research and is greatly attractive to many brands targeting the consumer market. The study results can form a foundation for creating the branding strategy of this product category and assessing its demand in various markets. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Omicron variant [2021-2022]: A new chapter in the COVID-19 Pandemic

According to Brihan Mumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC), a 37-year-old man, who landed in Mumbai from South Africa on November 25, was found infected with Omicron along with one of his contacts - a 36-year-old female friend who arrived in the city from the US the same day. Recently, Professor Tulio de Oliveira, the director of the Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation in South Africa, mentioned in a press conference that the Omicron variant has 50 mutations and most of the mutations (more than 30 mutations) were reported in the spike protein (S protein) of the SARS-CoV-2, which has been used as a key target for most of the available vaccines. [...]the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which interacts with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain entry into the host cell, has 10 mutations compared to just two for the Delta variant that swept the world.2 How to pronounce Omicron: The Cambridge Dictionary states two different English pronunciations of Omicron -"oh-MY-cron" for British English and "OH-mi-cron" for American English. According to central and state officials, omicron cases have been detected in 11 states and union territories - Maharashtra (43), Delhi (22), Rajasthan (17) and Karnataka (14), Telangana (8), Gujarat (7), Kerala (11), Andhra Pradesh (1), Chandigarh (1), Tamil Nadu (1) and West Bengal (1).territories - Maharashtra (43), Delhi (22), Rajasthan (17) and Karnataka (14), Telangana (8), Gujarat (7), Kerala (11), Andhra Pradesh (1), Chandigarh (1), Tamil Nadu (1) and West Bengal (1).territories - Maharashtra (43), Delhi (22), Rajasthan (17) and Karnataka (14), Telangana(8), Gujarat (7), Kerala (11), Andhra Pradesh (1), Chandigarh (1), Tamil Nadu (1) and West Bengal (1). "7 The WHO immediately sent out guidelines and strategic plans to regional and at risk countries to deter the spread of Omicron by: a) enhancing surveillance and sequencing efforts to better understand circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, b) submit complete genome sequences and associated metadata to a publicly available database, c) report initial cases/clusters associated with VOC infection to WHO through the IHR mechanism, and d) where capacity exists and in coordination with the international community, perform field investigations and laboratory assessments to improve understanding of the potential impacts of the VOC on COVID-19 epidemiology, severity, effectiveness of public health and social measures, diagnostic methods, immune responses, antibody neutralization, or other relevant characteristics.

Atoms

The probability that staying away or presenting reflects public health messages so often, by necessity, reflex responses to a new infectious problem but simultaneously, frequently pendular and inconsistent. Over the SDG era to date, there has been a subtle, but tangible shift in emphasis beyond survival to the tacit assumption that infancy and early childhood will (for most) be navigated and that quality of life (in its broadest sense) or fulfilment of potential (as the WHO defines health) is the new hard currency. With this backdrop, Maria Neocleous and colleagues in Liverpool present the findings from their systematic review and analysis of user friendliness of the currently available early child development screening tools, the emphasis being on training provision.

Preparedness of Students for Future Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: A Bangladeshi Perspective

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on higher education (HE) across the globe, including in Bangladesh. The Bangladeshi HE system is going through an abrupt transition and transformation to cope with the crisis. This chapter is based on data collected from teachers and students of Bangladeshi public and private HE institutions regarding teaching and learning during the COVID-19 lockdown. In Bangladesh, some universities switched to online distance teaching and learning quickly during this period, and others lagged behind in this regard. Teachers and students from both groups of public and private universities participated in the study, including those who attended online teaching and learning activities and those who did not participate. This chapter highlights both teachers' and students' perspectives regarding students' future preparedness for participating fully in the changing landscape of HE, especially technology-enhanced teaching and learning. Understanding these perspectives of teachers and students is important to address the digital divide and social justice issues in the policy and practice. Within the HE sector in Bangladesh, it is especially vital while transforming its education system and adapting emerging technologies to address the challenges of education in future emergencies.

The role of compensation in shaping employee's behaviour: a mediation study through job satisfaction during the Covid-19 pandemic

PurposeThis research aimed to study the impact of compensation on employee retention and turnover intentions among healthcare employees. The study also tested the mediation role of job satisfaction in the relationship.Design/methodology/approachIn the present study, self-administrated questionnaires were distributed among 600 doctors working in public hospitals of Pakistan, following stratified sampling. The data analysis was conducted through SPSS and smart-PLS.FindingsResults of the present study supported all the hypotheses (H1-H7), such as the significant relationship of compensation with employee retention and turnover intentions. Results further confirmed the mediation effect of job satisfaction between compensation and employee retention as well as compensation and turnover intentions.Practical implicationsThis study is useful for policymakers and organizational managers since the study provides guidelines on employee retention and high turnover intentions and how these factors are influenced by improved compensation.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on the relationship of compensation together with employee retention and turnover intentions through the mediating role of job satisfaction in healthcare context, which was overlooked in the existing literature.

Assessment of stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in caregivers of children with ASD

Introduction: An infectious disease such as COVID-19 can have a great impact on mental health due to the fear of contracting it as well as the social isolation itself due to the containment measures. Such events are considered stressors, as they can be perceived as threatening or challenging, and can have cumulative effects that are harmful to mental health. Along with this scenario, anxiety can occur in association with stress, and it is defined as extreme concern and somatic symptoms that generate tension, hindering the proper functioning and development of basic life functions. In people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and their families, such events can occur more intensely, as changing routine and adapting to different activities are usually challenging. The study examined stress, anxiety and coping strategies during the pandemic. Objective(s): To analyze stressful events, anxiety and coping strategies in caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and typical development. Method(s): Forty caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD and 40 of typically developing participated in the study. The assessment instruments used were: 1. RSQ COVID-19;2. Semistructured interview;3. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) or chi-square were used. Result(s): Caregivers of children and adolescents with ASD showed greater stress and anxiety, in addition to using less adaptive coping strategies. Conclusion(s): There is a great need to welcome families of children and adolescents with ASD, helping to develop coping or coping strategies.

A scoping review of health professional oncosexology education and training programs focused on adolescents and young adults (AYA)

Background: AYA with cancer commonly experience sexuality concerns during and post treatment. Evaluation andmanagement of these critical aspects are often neglected by health professionals due to factors such as poor knowledge, confidence and communication, lack of comfort, time and prioritisation of sexuality concerns. It is not known what policy and practice tools are available to bridge this evidence gap. Aim(s): To scope, analyse and map the literature on policy and practice tools, specific to AYA oncosexology education and training programs, for health professionals. Method(s): A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A search strategy was developed using key words initially tested in OVID MEDLINE. The formal search was conducted in July 2022 in Medline, EMCARE, EMBASE and PsychINFO (all on OVID platform) for articles: published after 2012;in English;qualitative, quantitative, mixed method studies, case studies, review articles or grey literature;in patients aged 15-39 years. Articles were excluded if they did not meet these criteria, only examined potential education/training programs or health professionals' knowledge, attitudes or practices, or only focused on patients' perspectives. Retrieved articles were extracted into Covidence and two screening roundswere independently performed by two authors each for the final analysis and evidence synthesis. Result(s): After removing 1140 duplicate records, 1825 records were screened of which 1523 were excluded and 302 full texts assessed for eligibility. The final number of studies included along with other quantitative findings will be reported against the PRISMA-ScR reporting checklist. Results from the basic content analysis to organise qualitative findings into higher level categories will also be presented. Conclusion(s): Evidence gaps, limitations and implications for research will be discussed. We will seek stakeholders' views on whether our findings are locally relevant and how they can inform improvements in health professional oncosexology policy and practice tools.

The effect of information overload and perceived risk on tourists' intention to travel in the post-COVID-19 pandemic.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism economy has been seriously affected. China has implemented a direct traveling management mechanism and recovered from the pandemic faster than the rest of the world. However, the COVID-19 situation is complicated and uncontrollable because of the available unclear information including difficult medical terminologies. This study attempts to find the determinants of the travel intention of China's tourists in the post-COVID-19 epidemic. Along with information overload and perception risk, an expanded research model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was employed to propose the theoretical framework of this study. A survey was conducted among 518 tourists who spend their holiday in Hainan, which is a popular tourist destination in China. The empirical results show that information overload positively and significantly impacted perceived risk. Furthermore, perceived risk negatively affects the intention to travel. Perceived risk also negatively affected the attitude toward traveling. However, response self-efficacy did not have a significant effect on the intention to travel. Finally, based on the analysis results, this study proposes relevant research contributions and practical recommendations with management implications for the travel industries.

Perceived risk and attitude's mediating role between tourism knowledge and visit intention during the COVID-19 pandemic: implementation for coastal-ecotourism management.

CMC Tiga Warna is one of the coastal area management for conservation and ecotourism in southern Malang, Indonesia. Despite fewer tourist visits, the COVID-19 pandemic did not dissuade locals from managing and protecting ecotourism in the coastal area. This study aims to: (a) to describe coastal ecosystem management; and (b) to analyze coastal ecotourist visit intention related to tourism knowledge, perceived health risk, and risk attitude in the post-COVID-19 era as a part of developing strategy for coastal ecosystem management in the study area from the perspective of ecotourists and destination management. CMC Tiga Warna management, community group supervisors, the local community, and a variety of experts were interviewed in order to gather data for the current strategy. Coastal ecotourist visit intention data from domestic ecotourists was gathered via online and offline surveys. Analyzing the visit intention data with Warp-PLS. Using the visit intention model and interview data, the coastline management strategy was described. This study found that the coastal environment management plan constantly involved ecotourists and locals. Tourism knowledge and risk attitude are positively related to the visit intention, however perceived health risk is negatively related to it. The significant positive relationship between tourism knowledge and ecotourist visit intention is mediated by perceived health risk and risk attitude. Development of the coastal ecosystem management plan could be supported by boosting visit intention, ecotourism visits, or economic incentive as a motive for sustaining the conservation program's consistency, and ecological and social rewards in a sustainable manner. This study added to the Theory of Reasoned Action by adding two additional factors, tourist knowledge and perceived health risk, in addition to the attitude to predict the visit intention. The ecotourism manager should provide varied tourist information and knowledge as needed, reduce COVID-19 exposure risk at tourist destinations, and increase risk attitude.

Digital Nomadism an Opportunity for Low-Density Territories: Trás-os-Montes Lands Case

Digital nomadism is a relatively recent tourism segment associated with the generalization of information and communication technologies (ICTs), having increased notoriety and relevance with the COVID-19 pandemic. This public is characterized by professionals who exclusively work online, while having an independent lifestyle, balancing work and leisure. This research aims to understand if the Trás-os-Montes Lands (a small region in the northeast of Portugal) hold the necessary conditions to position itself as an attractive destination for digital nomads. To this end, a macro analysis of the characteristics of this territory and the tourist accommodation in the region was carried out. In view of the results obtained it was found that although Trás-os-Montes Lands have touristic potential ability to meet the particular needs of the digital nomads segment, it is necessary an action plan to enhance the attractiveness of the destination for this audience. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The Relationship between Credit Accessibility and Job Creation: Empirical Evidence from Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam

The goal of this research is to examine how credit (loan) can help rural households in Tra Vinh province create jobs in the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak in Vietnam over the last two years. The authors performed a direct survey, using a questionnaire, with 300 customers who had loan records at the Tra Vinh VBSP branch under the loan programs. From January to April 2021, jobs will be available at 07 transaction offices in districts and cities (Cau Ngang;Duyen Hai, Tieu Can, Cang Long, Tra Vinh City, Chau Thanh, Tra Cu). Using the multivariate regression method, the research has found 12 factors affecting the ability to access the employment loan program: Age, Educational Level, Occupation of households, Income, Household land area, Asset, Loan, Interest rates, Loan procedures, Loan purpose, Credit relations. From the above research results, the authors have proposed solutions to improve the ability to access credit to create jobs for each subject group at Viet Nam Bank for Social Policies, Tra Vinh Province in the future.

EXPATRIATES' INTENTION TO SEND SURGICAL MASKS TO THEIR NATIVE COUNTRIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The main purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the factors that determine behavioral intention of expatiates living in Taiwan to send surgical masks to their native country following the Covid-19 outbreak. To achieve this, the study builds a research model by extending Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) with Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior (KAB) and Risk perception conceptions, incorporating Covid-19 related factors such as knowledge, fear, and risk perception and situational factors such as perceived mask scarcity. An online questionnaire was administered with 83 respondents participating. A partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to evaluate the collected data. We found that no significant relationship between both Covid-19 risk perception, and fear and expatiates' attitudes to send surgical masks back home. Results further reveal that Covid-19 knowledge is the only factor that significantly influence expatriates' attitudes, which in turn impact their on the intention to send surgical masks to their native countries. Perceived mask scarcity found to positively moderate relationship between attitude and intention. This study contributes to the growing body of literature and research focused on the Covid-19 pandemic, and offers some implications for future research on the correlations between knowledge and scarcity in the context of the theory of reasoned action. Although the current study examines a contemporary critical issue, it presents a key example of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Current Readiness Status of Electric Vehicles in Indonesia: Multistakeholder Perceptions

As a net oil importer since 2004, Indonesia’s success in developing fuel economy and infrastructure for electric vehicles would be vital to ensuring energy security and decarbonization from the transport sector. Following the Presidential Regulation on the Acceleration Program for battery-based EV for Road Transportation in 2019, the Indonesian government provides incentives for the domestic production of EVs. However, as EV technology is relatively new for the domestic automotive industry in Indonesia, it needs to go through stages of development to achieve full readiness in society. This study analyses the key stakeholders’ perceptions of EV industries using the Japanese technology readiness assessment (J-TRA) to better understand the current readiness level of EVs in Indonesia. Primary data are collected through interviews with an EV start-up company, experts in the EV field, government officials in charge of the national EV projects, and EV end-users. Extensive literature related to success stories of EV adoption in other countries was conducted as the basis for this study. The results showed that key stakeholders agree that EV technology has reached a high readiness level in technology development. Most of the stakeholders voted that the readiness bottleneck is commercialization, safety, and integration parameters. Furthermore, an elaborate policy recommendation gathered from both literature reviews and interviews with related stakeholders is presented.